Aqua

Aqua (also simply known as water) is the most frequently used ingredient. Water’s primary function in skin care formulas is as a solvent.

Licorice Root Extract

Licorice root, also known as licorice root extract or Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract, comes from a flowering plant well known for its inclusion as a flavoring agent in foods, beverages, and medicines. It has also been used for centuries in traditional folk medicine. Modern research shows these ancient practices have a solid foundation: Licorice root has several active compounds that can benefit skin, most prominently glycyrrhetinic acid. In addition to having antioxidant benefits, licorice root helps soothe irritated and reddened skin and helps fight dark spots.

Niacinamide

Niacinamide (also known as vitamin B3 or nicotinamide) is a unique skin-restoring ingredient that offers a multitude of benefits for skin. It is best known for its ability to help visibly reduce enlarged pores and improve uneven/dull skin tone. It also strengthens a weakened skin barrier.

Tranexamic Acid

Tranexamic Acid is a synthetic amino acid derived from lysine. Topically applied, it works by interrupting at least two pathways in skin that if left unchecked can lead to discolorations. Tranexamic acid also appears to work within skin’s surface layers to make it less susceptible to UV light exposure.

Alpha-Arbutin

Alpha-arbutin is a plant-derived or synthetic ingredient that helps to brighten, fade discolorations, protect skin from oxidative stress and promote a more even skin tone. It is made from hydroquinone and the alpha form of the sugar molecule, glucose.

Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E)

Tocopheryl acetate is one of many types of vitamin E. Like other forms of vitamin E, it offers significant antioxidant benefits for skin. This includes defending skin from pollution and other environmental stressors.

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice 

Aloe barbadensis leaf juice is the juice extracted from the leaves of the aloe plant. It is commonly used for its soothing properties and skin-calming effects. Aloe barbadensis leaf juice is also used as a film former, humectant, and skin-conditioning agent (emollient).

Lactic Acid

Lactic acid is a type of alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that acts as an exfoliant. It specializes in exfoliating at the top layer of the skin, helping in cell regeneration and improving collagen production. Through this process, it fades all kinds of skin discolorations and helps even out skin tone. 

Pyrus Malus (apple) Fruit Extract

Pyrus Malus (apple) Fruit Extract is a species of apple; the fruit is a tremendous source of polyphenolic antioxidants, which lets it ably scavenge multiple types of free radicals before they damage skin.  

Dimethyl Sulfone (MSM)

A pure sulphur compound. Helps maintain optimum collagen production to keep skin barrier healthy.

Glycerin 

Glycerin is a skin-replenishing and skin-restoring humectant, meaning it is a substance found naturally in skin, helping to establish normal balance and hydration. It’s one of the many substances in skin that helps maintain a healthy look and feel, defending against dryness and working to maintain skin’s moisture level. Essentially, glycerin is a master at hydration, and works best when combined with other replenishing and emollient ingredients.

Jojoba Oil

Jojoba seed oil is a non-fragrant emollient extracted from the seeds of a perennial shrub. It has been shown to enhance skin’s restorative properties and can also provide topical skin-soothing benefits. Jojoba seed oil is a rich source of numerous fatty acids and antioxidants.

Gotu Kola Extract

Gotu Kola is a perennial herb that grows primarily in Asia. For years, it’s had both culinary and medicinal uses. It has multiple benefits for skin thanks to its active compounds, including madecassoside, which serves as an antioxidant. Gotu Kola has been shown to have potent antioxidant properties and to be a rich source of amino acids, and there’s additional research showing that it’s a good hydrating ingredient to soothe upset or compromised skin.

Arginine

Arginine is an amino acid naturally present in the body, considered essential to human development. As a skin care ingredient, it delivers antioxidant benefits and plays a role in repairing visible skin damage. Additionally, arginine’s hydration properties have been studied in depth. This essential amino acid plays a key role in skin’s natural production of replenishing substances such as proline and urea.

Acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate Crosspolymer

Acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer is a synthetic ingredient used to enhance the texture and perceived feel of many types of skin care and hair care products.

Phenoxyethanol

Phenoxyethanol is a widely used synthetic preservative with global approval for use in rinse-off or leave-on cosmetic products.

Ethylhexylglycerin

Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic skin-softening agent. Ethylhexylglycerin is used as a preservative and carrier/suspending agent that boosts the efficacy of other preservatives such as phenoxyethanol. It has been shown to have mild humectant properties leading to improved skin hydration without a sticky feel.